Structural metaphor patterns and their mechanisms in Al-Sahifa al-sajjadiyya in the light of Lakoff and Johnson theory

The metaphor occupied a large area of interest for rhetoricians and thinkers, and thus it has become a focus of attention for various disciplines and orientations. It was a great field, due to its role in conveying the meanings of the text, as it is a major pillar of expression. The most famous scholars who expanded the presentation of the theory are George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, especially since it brings new ideas about the interactive construction of meaning. We rely on the ideas of cognitive psychology in terms of retaining information in memory and presenting it when needed. Lakoff and Johnson believe that the metaphor is not for decoration, ornamentation, or a linguistic phenomenon related to the language of poetry, but rather an intellectual phenomenon that is related to our conceptual system, inherent to our ordinary lives in which we live, so that we hardly realize it most of the time. This means that an important part of our emotions, behaviors, and experiences is allegorical in nature. The structural metaphor is the most important type of conceptual metaphor in that it fundamentally transfers the structure of every specific and objective concept to an abstract concept. The As-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyyah played an important role in employing metaphor, due to its openness to an infinite process, and from it a variety of interpretive series is produced. Hence, the interpretation of the metaphor differs according to the epistemological contents that the reader starts from, so that the supplications play a central role through latent interaction. In this study, the research relies on the analytical-descriptive approach, as it extracts structural metaphors from supplications and reveals their sublime connotations. The objectives of this research are to explain the moral aesthetics of the Sahifa al-Sajjadiyyah and the structural plans related to man’s relationship with God Almighty in behavior and interaction. Among the most important results of this study: Structural metaphors depend on what is present in human culture and experiences of awakening, perception, and human interaction with it. It is what is done with less clear perceptions that lie in the goal by means of a clearer perception of the source, which is the basis. It is worth noting that among the most important structural applications (calligraphies) present in the Sahifa al-Sajjadiyyah are the structural application in cautioning against the weight and wrath of God Almighty, the structural application in obtaining support by God's glory, and the structural application in awareness and vigilance.