ندوه العلماء: طریق وسط فی التفاعل والتقابل بین النظامین التعلیمیین دیوبند وعلیکره

المؤلفون
1 أستاذه فی قسم التاریخ بجامعه تربیت مدرس، طهران، إیران
2 دکتوراه فی قسم تاریخ الإسلام بجامعه تربیت مدرس، طهران، إیران
المستخلص
ندوه العلماء تأسست لوضع حد للخلافات بین المسلمین فی المجالات العلمیه والدینیه فی مواجهه الاستعمار. ففی القرن التاسع عشر، کانت الخلافات العلمیه والدینیه بین المسلمین فی شبه القاره الهندیه، إلی جانب سیطره الاستعمار والدعایه التبشیریه المسیحیه، قد أحدثت أزمات فی مجتمع المسلمین. هذا الوضع استلزم تأسیس مدرسه جدیده. لذلک، لجأ العلماء والمفکرون المسلمون إلی تأسیس مدرستی دیوبند وعلیکره کسبیل للخروج من أزمه الشغب فی عام 1875م، والحفاظ علی هویه المسلمین وتطویر علمهم. أدی التباین بین مدرسه دیوبند المحافظه ومدرسه علیکره الحدیثه إلی نشوء خلافات، ومع تصاعد هذه الخلافات، وقع بعض المسلمین فی حیره بین التعالیم التقلیدیه والتجدیدیه، فکانت ندوه العلماء بمثابه المدرسه الفکریه الثالثه التی نشأت کحل وسط. السؤال هو: ما سبب نشأه ندوه العلماء، وکیف أثرت تجارب المسلمین فی دیوبند وعلیکره علی تشکیلها؟ تفترض هذه الدراسه أن مؤسسی ندوه العلماء کانوا یسعون إلی تقدیم تعلیم إسلامی معتدل یجمع بین النظام التعلیمی التقلیدی والحداثه، وأنهم حاولوا دمج المدرستین السابقتین. أُجریت الدراسه بأسلوب وصفی تحلیلی، وأظهرت النتائج أن المؤسسین سعوا إلی دمج التعلیم الإسلامی بحیث یستفید من التراث والتجدید معًا. إلی جانب ذلک، کان تأسیس دار العلوم رد فعل علی الثقافه الغربیه واختیارًا انتقائیًا مقابل التقالید، مما أدی إلی تخریج مفکرین یُعرفون الیوم بـ "تیار الندوی".

الكلمات الرئيسية

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