العلاقات السعودية - الصينية: بين ضرورات الشراكة وحدود التحالف

نوع المستند : پژوهشی اصیل

المؤلفون
1 طالب دكتوراه في العلاقات الدولية، جامعة العلامة الطباطبائي، طهران، إيران
2 أستاذ مشارك في العلاقات الدولية، جامعة العلامة الطباطبائي، طهران، إيران
المستخلص
تُعَدّ الصين والمملكة العربية السعودية من الدول التي شهدت علاقاتهما تعمقاً ملحوظاً في مختلف المجالات خلال السنوات الأخيرة. وقد حاول العديد من الباحثين تفسير هذه العلاقات ضمن إطار نظريات "التحالفات" في العلاقات الدولية. ومع ذلك، تُعَدّ الصين أبرز منافس للولايات المتحدة الأمريكية في النظام الدولي، وتسعى إلى تغيير الوضع الراهن، في حين تُعَدّ السعودية قوة مرتبطة بالغرب وأمريكا. تظهر المشكلة الأساسية في أن تعقيد نمط العلاقات بين الدولتين وصراعاته لا يمكن تفسيره بالكامل من خلال نظريات تشكيل التحالفات. ومن هنا، يبرز السؤال الرئيسي للبحث: بأي إطار يمكن تفسير توسع العلاقات بين المملكة العربية السعودية والصين؟  تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل طبيعة هذا التوسع في العلاقات السعودية - الصينية، من خلال اختبار مدى صلاحية الانتقال من مفهوم التحالف التقليدي إلى نموذج "الشراكة الاستراتيجية". لتحقيق هذا الهدف، اعتمد الباحثان على المنهج التفسيري التحليلي، بالاستناد إلى توسيع الإطار المفاهيمي لمفهوم الشراكة الاستراتيجية في العلاقات الدولية. تشير نتائج البحث إلى أن السعودية والصين، نظراً لمصالحهما السياسية والاقتصادية والتجارية المشتركة، ومع إدراكهما للعوائق والتكاليف السياسية المترتبة على إقامة تحالف استراتيجي رسمي، قد تجاوزتا فكرة التحالف التقليدي، واتجهتا نحو تطوير شراكة استراتيجية مرنة. وبهذا، تعتبر كل من الدولتين الأخرى شريكاً استراتيجياً مهماً ضمن السياق الدولي الجديد.

الكلمات الرئيسية

الموضوعات الرئيسية


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